Karlova Studánka is a bath place situated in the central part of the Hrubý Jeseník Mts belonging to Silezicum of Paleozoic Era. There are crystalline schists of Devonian in Vrbno sheets of the Desen dome. Muscovite phyllites and mica schists with graphite are the most important from these schists in the area of Karlova Studánka. Northwards from Karlova Studánka the rock massif is created by blastomylonites and metagranites. The Desen dome of the Hrubý Jeseník Mts broke to the block of Praděd and Orlík by turn of Tertiary and Quaternary. The Bělá fault originated in this way in direction NW - SE leads to the health resort Karlova Studánka where huge deluvial and deluvial - fluvial deposits had been accumulated. The whole region of the Hrubý Jeseník Mts is disturbed by important transverse faults, usage of natural therapeutic sources in Karlova Studánka is based on utilize of the mineral spring system of carbonaceous mineral water of the Bělá fault, which extends from Bruntál, through Karlova Studánka, Vidly, Bělá village to Lázně Lipová and to Polish Ladek Zdrój.
The way of creation and genesis of groundwater with chemical composition in the area of the health resort Karlova Studánka and in the Hrubý Jeseník Mts are caused by mentioned geological structure with permeability along fractures, tectonically influenced and little chemically active complex of various petrographic heterogenous metamorphites of mentioned crystalline. The creation of carbon dioxide is connected with the end of volcanic activity in the Bruntál region. Carbon dioxide feeds fracture water of the second water level rising up from deep tectonic lines of the Bělá fault where it is accumulated. CO2 in abundance also increases the solvent ability of mineral carbonaceous water and at its redundance the spontaneous gaseous components of CO2 accompany carbonaceous water. The carbonaceous vadose water of aggravated circulation comes from the group of siliceous water, blending with atmospheric water. Atmospheric water in the Bělá fault descends to the depths 100 - 200 m and that is why it has been exposed to mineralization processes for relatively a long time and that enables easier transition of ions into water solution.
Tectonic disturb of the massif by the Bělá fault makes possible the transfer of juvenile carbon dioxide from young volcanism of the late Tertiary and Quaternary from the Bruntál region. Relatively little amount of quartzites at the health resort Karlova Studánka is caused by grind of the rock massif. This fact increases fracture permeability of the rock complex to the depth about 200 m. That is why, in connection with strong rainfall activity in local mountains, it creates - besides the first water level under the surface disturbance of the rock massif and in the zone of the second water level of the active water exchange zone.
Original springs of mineral water were captured in moss of Karlova Studánka (surface peat at these places absorbs free escape of carbon dioxide whereby the impregnation of mineral water with carbon dioxide intensifies).
First, Maxmilian ´s spring was discovered - in 1780, then, in 1802, Karel ´s spring, in 1812 Antonín ´s spring, in 1862 Vilém ´s spring, in 1928 Nameless (Bezejmenný) spring, in 1929 Trubač ´ s spring - Trubkový spring, in 1931 Norbert ´s spring. The springs mentioned above were the surface ones, which were captured and used in history (until 1966) from the dug wells (vertical pits), from depths 10 - 20 m. In the 1950s and 1960s (in a framework of a long term hydrogeologic research) a number of deeper bores were achieved to the level of 200m under the surface, from those, from the depth 126 m, the bore S2A - the spring Petr has been used (this bore was created as a compensation for damaged and corroded bore S2 from 1952). From the1960s, when outfit of bores was ensured by casings (stuck wooden pipes permeable on sides), the bore S7 - spring Vladimír, deep 117,8 m has been used.
Remark: Review of the health resort Karlova Studánka, the tectonic line creating the way for mineral water and carbon dioxide and the location of individual bores is demonstrated on the hydrogeologic map of Karlova Studánka, by Ing. RNDr. Vladimír Pelikán.
Historic enclosure indicates the people after whom the bath springs were named in history.
